How does this textbox calculate the payment? If it's done through code, then you'd do something in the AfterUpdate event of the control (see below, perhaps).
How do you determine the difference between "Outstanding" and Partial"?
Sub YourTextbox_AfterUpdate
If Me.YourTextbox > 0 Then
Me.YourCombo = "Outstanding"
ElseIf Me.YourTextbox = 0 Then
Me.YourCombo = "Paid"
End If
End Sub