Hi shacho
If a query includes a table of query that is not updateable, then the query will not be updateable. In your case, the linked CSV is not updateable, so that stops your query from working.
It is one of the most annoying "features" of Access, but there are workarounds. Here, I suggest you use a DLookup function to look up the BorrowerName corresponding to the BorrowerID:
UPDATE Transactions
SET BorrowerName = DLookup( "BorrowerName", "Customers", "BorrowerID=" & BorrowerID )
If Customers.BorrowerID is a text field then you will need to enclose the value in quotes:
DLookup( "BorrowerName", "Customers", "BorrowerID='" & BorrowerID & "'" )
Good luck!
--
Graham