Hi,
mmm this might like a long shot but please bear with me
You said
"Dozen other computers connect just fine"
So this particular machine using this particular username/password is not working
can you try creating a new user profile that you know is for sure working on other machines... if this works delete the failed profile and create it again this should rebuild the ODBC files, I faced this once and turned out to be a windows profile issue.
This should work if am not mislead but your case scenario